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remove_accents › WordPress Function
Since1.2.1
Deprecatedn/a
› remove_accents ( $text, $locale = '' )
| Parameters: (2) |
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| Returns: |
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| Defined at: |
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| Codex: | |
| Change Log: |
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Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned. Accent characters converted: Currency signs: | Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description | | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------- | | U+00A3 | £ | (empty) | British Pound sign | | U+20AC | € | E | Euro sign | Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement: | Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description | | ------- | ----- | ----------- | -------------------------------------- | | U+00AA | ª | a | Feminine ordinal indicator | | U+00BA | º | o | Masculine ordinal indicator | | U+00C0 | À | A | Latin capital letter A with grave | | U+00C1 | Á | A | Latin capital letter A with acute | | U+00C2 |  | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex | | U+00C3 | à | A | Latin capital letter A with tilde | | U+00C4 | Ä | A | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis | | U+00C5 | Å | A | Latin capital letter A with ring above | | U+00C6 | Æ | AE | Latin capital letter AE | | U+00C7 | Ç | C | Latin capital letter C with cedilla | | U+00C8 | È | E | Latin capital letter E with grave | | U+00C9 | É | E | Latin capital letter E with acute | | U+00CA | Ê | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex | | U+00CB | Ë | E | Latin capital letter E with diaeresis | | U+00CC | Ì | I | Latin capital letter I with grave | | U+00CD | Í | I | Latin capital letter I with acute | | U+00CE | Î | I | Latin capital letter I with circumflex | | U+00CF | Ï | I | Latin capital letter I with diaeresis | | U+00D0 | Ð | D | Latin capital letter Eth | | U+00D1 | Ñ | N | Latin capital letter N with tilde | | U+00D2 | Ò | O | Latin capital letter O with grave | | U+00D3 | Ó | O | Latin capital letter O with acute | | U+00D4 | Ô | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex | | U+00D5 | Õ | O | Latin capital letter O with tilde | | U+00D6 | Ö | O | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis | | U+00D8 | Ø | O | Latin capital letter O with stroke | | U+00D9 | Ù | U | Latin capital letter U with grave | | U+00DA | Ú | U | Latin capital letter U with acute | | U+00DB | Û | U | Latin capital letter U with circumflex | | U+00DC | Ü | U | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis | | U+00DD | Ý | Y | Latin capital letter Y with acute | | U+00DE | Þ | TH | Latin capital letter Thorn | | U+00DF | ß | s | Latin small letter sharp s | | U+00E0 | à | a | Latin small letter a with grave | | U+00E1 | á | a | Latin small letter a with acute | | U+00E2 | â | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex | | U+00E3 | ã | a | Latin small letter a with tilde | | U+00E4 | ä | a | Latin small letter a with diaeresis | | U+00E5 | å | a | Latin small letter a with ring above | | U+00E6 | æ | ae | Latin small letter ae | | U+00E7 | ç | c | Latin small letter c with cedilla | | U+00E8 | è | e | Latin small letter e with grave | | U+00E9 | é | e | Latin small letter e with acute | | U+00EA | ê | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex | | U+00EB | ë | e | Latin small letter e with diaeresis | | U+00EC | ì | i | Latin small letter i with grave | | U+00ED | í | i | Latin small letter i with acute | | U+00EE | î | i | Latin small letter i with circumflex | | U+00EF | ï | i | Latin small letter i with diaeresis | | U+00F0 | ð | d | Latin small letter Eth | | U+00F1 | ñ | n | Latin small letter n with tilde | | U+00F2 | ò | o | Latin small letter o with grave | | U+00F3 | ó | o | Latin small letter o with acute | | U+00F4 | ô | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex | | U+00F5 | õ | o | Latin small letter o with tilde | | U+00F6 | ö | o | Latin small letter o with diaeresis | | U+00F8 | ø | o | Latin small letter o with stroke | | U+00F9 | ù | u | Latin small letter u with grave | | U+00FA | ú | u | Latin small letter u with acute | | U+00FB | û | u | Latin small letter u with circumflex | | U+00FC | ü | u | Latin small letter u with diaeresis | | U+00FD | ý | y | Latin small letter y with acute | | U+00FE | þ | th | Latin small letter Thorn | | U+00FF | ÿ | y | Latin small letter y with diaeresis | Decompositions for Latin Extended-A: | Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description | | ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- | | U+0100 | Ā | A | Latin capital letter A with macron | | U+0101 | ā | a | Latin small letter a with macron | | U+0102 | Ă | A | Latin capital letter A with breve | | U+0103 | ă | a | Latin small letter a with breve | | U+0104 | Ą | A | Latin capital letter A with ogonek | | U+0105 | ą | a | Latin small letter a with ogonek | | U+01006 | Ć | C | Latin capital letter C with acute | | U+0107 | ć | c | Latin small letter c with acute | | U+0108 | Ĉ | C | Latin capital letter C with circumflex | | U+0109 | ĉ | c | Latin small letter c with circumflex | | U+010A | Ċ | C | Latin capital letter C with dot above | | U+010B | ċ | c | Latin small letter c with dot above | | U+010C | Č | C | Latin capital letter C with caron | | U+010D | č | c | Latin small letter c with caron | | U+010E | Ď | D | Latin capital letter D with caron | | U+010F | ď | d | Latin small letter d with caron | | U+0110 | Đ | D | Latin capital letter D with stroke | | U+0111 | đ | d | Latin small letter d with stroke | | U+0112 | Ē | E | Latin capital letter E with macron | | U+0113 | ē | e | Latin small letter e with macron | | U+0114 | Ĕ | E | Latin capital letter E with breve | | U+0115 | ĕ | e | Latin small letter e with breve | | U+0116 | Ė | E | Latin capital letter E with dot above | | U+0117 | ė | e | Latin small letter e with dot above | | U+0118 | Ę | E | Latin capital letter E with ogonek | | U+0119 | ę | e | Latin small letter e with ogonek | | U+011A | Ě | E | Latin capital letter E with caron | | U+011B | ě | e | Latin small letter e with caron | | U+011C | Ĝ | G | Latin capital letter G with circumflex | | U+011D | ĝ | g | Latin small letter g with circumflex | | U+011E | Ğ | G | Latin capital letter G with breve | | U+011F | ğ | g | Latin small letter g with breve | | U+0120 | Ġ | G | Latin capital letter G with dot above | | U+0121 | ġ | g | Latin small letter g with dot above | | U+0122 | Ģ | G | Latin capital letter G with cedilla | | U+0123 | ģ | g | Latin small letter g with cedilla | | U+0124 | Ĥ | H | Latin capital letter H with circumflex | | U+0125 | ĥ | h | Latin small letter h with circumflex | | U+0126 | Ħ | H | Latin capital letter H with stroke | | U+0127 | ħ | h | Latin small letter h with stroke | | U+0128 | Ĩ | I | Latin capital letter I with tilde | | U+0129 | ĩ | i | Latin small letter i with tilde | | U+012A | Ī | I | Latin capital letter I with macron | | U+012B | ī | i | Latin small letter i with macron | | U+012C | Ĭ | I | Latin capital letter I with breve | | U+012D | ĭ | i | Latin small letter i with breve | | U+012E | Į | I | Latin capital letter I with ogonek | | U+012F | į | i | Latin small letter i with ogonek | | U+0130 | İ | I | Latin capital letter I with dot above | | U+0131 | ı | i | Latin small letter dotless i | | U+0132 | IJ | IJ | Latin capital ligature IJ | | U+0133 | ij | ij | Latin small ligature ij | | U+0134 | Ĵ | J | Latin capital letter J with circumflex | | U+0135 | ĵ | j | Latin small letter j with circumflex | | U+0136 | Ķ | K | Latin capital letter K with cedilla | | U+0137 | ķ | k | Latin small letter k with cedilla | | U+0138 | ĸ | k | Latin small letter Kra | | U+0139 | Ĺ | L | Latin capital letter L with acute | | U+013A | ĺ | l | Latin small letter l with acute | | U+013B | Ļ | L | Latin capital letter L with cedilla | | U+013C | ļ | l | Latin small letter l with cedilla | | U+013D | Ľ | L | Latin capital letter L with caron | | U+013E | ľ | l | Latin small letter l with caron | | U+013F | Ŀ | L | Latin capital letter L with middle dot | | U+0140 | ŀ | l | Latin small letter l with middle dot | | U+0141 | Ł | L | Latin capital letter L with stroke | | U+0142 | ł | l | Latin small letter l with stroke | | U+0143 | Ń | N | Latin capital letter N with acute | | U+0144 | ń | n | Latin small letter N with acute | | U+0145 | Ņ | N | Latin capital letter N with cedilla | | U+0146 | ņ | n | Latin small letter n with cedilla | | U+0147 | Ň | N | Latin capital letter N with caron | | U+0148 | ň | n | Latin small letter n with caron | | U+0149 | ʼn | n | Latin small letter n preceded by apostrophe | | U+014A | Ŋ | N | Latin capital letter Eng | | U+014B | ŋ | n | Latin small letter Eng | | U+014C | Ō | O | Latin capital letter O with macron | | U+014D | ō | o | Latin small letter o with macron | | U+014E | Ŏ | O | Latin capital letter O with breve | | U+014F | ŏ | o | Latin small letter o with breve | | U+0150 | Ő | O | Latin capital letter O with double acute | | U+0151 | ő | o | Latin small letter o with double acute | | U+0152 | Œ | OE | Latin capital ligature OE | | U+0153 | œ | oe | Latin small ligature oe | | U+0154 | Ŕ | R | Latin capital letter R with acute | | U+0155 | ŕ | r | Latin small letter r with acute | | U+0156 | Ŗ | R | Latin capital letter R with cedilla | | U+0157 | ŗ | r | Latin small letter r with cedilla | | U+0158 | Ř | R | Latin capital letter R with caron | | U+0159 | ř | r | Latin small letter r with caron | | U+015A | Ś | S | Latin capital letter S with acute | | U+015B | ś | s | Latin small letter s with acute | | U+015C | Ŝ | S | Latin capital letter S with circumflex | | U+015D | ŝ | s | Latin small letter s with circumflex | | U+015E | Ş | S | Latin capital letter S with cedilla | | U+015F | ş | s | Latin small letter s with cedilla | | U+0160 | Š | S | Latin capital letter S with caron | | U+0161 | š | s | Latin small letter s with caron | | U+0162 | Ţ | T | Latin capital letter T with cedilla | | U+0163 | ţ | t | Latin small letter t with cedilla | | U+0164 | Ť | T | Latin capital letter T with caron | | U+0165 | ť | t | Latin small letter t with caron | | U+0166 | Ŧ | T | Latin capital letter T with stroke | | U+0167 | ŧ | t | Latin small letter t with stroke | | U+0168 | Ũ | U | Latin capital letter U with tilde | | U+0169 | ũ | u | Latin small letter u with tilde | | U+016A | Ū | U | Latin capital letter U with macron | | U+016B | ū | u | Latin small letter u with macron | | U+016C | Ŭ | U | Latin capital letter U with breve | | U+016D | ŭ | u | Latin small letter u with breve | | U+016E | Ů | U | Latin capital letter U with ring above | | U+016F | ů | u | Latin small letter u with ring above | | U+0170 | Ű | U | Latin capital letter U with double acute | | U+0171 | ű | u | Latin small letter u with double acute | | U+0172 | Ų | U | Latin capital letter U with ogonek | | U+0173 | ų | u | Latin small letter u with ogonek | | U+0174 | Ŵ | W | Latin capital letter W with circumflex | | U+0175 | ŵ | w | Latin small letter w with circumflex | | U+0176 | Ŷ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with circumflex | | U+0177 | ŷ | y | Latin small letter y with circumflex | | U+0178 | Ÿ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis | | U+0179 | Ź | Z | Latin capital letter Z with acute | | U+017A | ź | z | Latin small letter z with acute | | U+017B | Ż | Z | Latin capital letter Z with dot above | | U+017C | ż | z | Latin small letter z with dot above | | U+017D | Ž | Z | Latin capital letter Z with caron | | U+017E | ž | z | Latin small letter z with caron | | U+017F | ſ | s | Latin small letter long s | | U+01A0 | Ơ | O | Latin capital letter O with horn | | U+01A1 | ơ | o | Latin small letter o with horn | | U+01AF | Ư | U | Latin capital letter U with horn | | U+01B0 | ư | u | Latin small letter u with horn | | U+01CD | Ǎ | A | Latin capital letter A with caron | | U+01CE | ǎ | a | Latin small letter a with caron | | U+01CF | Ǐ | I | Latin capital letter I with caron | | U+01D0 | ǐ | i | Latin small letter i with caron | | U+01D1 | Ǒ | O | Latin capital letter O with caron | | U+01D2 | ǒ | o | Latin small letter o with caron | | U+01D3 | Ǔ | U | Latin capital letter U with caron | | U+01D4 | ǔ | u | Latin small letter u with caron | | U+01D5 | Ǖ | U | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and macron | | U+01D6 | ǖ | u | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and macron | | U+01D7 | Ǘ | U | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and acute | | U+01D8 | ǘ | u | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and acute | | U+01D9 | Ǚ | U | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and caron | | U+01DA | ǚ | u | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and caron | | U+01DB | Ǜ | U | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and grave | | U+01DC | ǜ | u | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and grave | Decompositions for Latin Extended-B: | Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description | | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- | | U+018F | Ə | E | Latin capital letter Ə | | U+0259 | ǝ | e | Latin small letter ǝ | | U+0218 | Ș | S | Latin capital letter S with comma below | | U+0219 | ș | s | Latin small letter s with comma below | | U+021A | Ț | T | Latin capital letter T with comma below | | U+021B | ț | t | Latin small letter t with comma below | Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin): | Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description | | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | | U+0251 | ɑ | a | Latin small letter alpha | | U+1EA0 | Ạ | A | Latin capital letter A with dot below | | U+1EA1 | ạ | a | Latin small letter a with dot below | | U+1EA2 | Ả | A | Latin capital letter A with hook above | | U+1EA3 | ả | a | Latin small letter a with hook above | | U+1EA4 | Ấ | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and acute | | U+1EA5 | ấ | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex and acute | | U+1EA6 | Ầ | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and grave | | U+1EA7 | ầ | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex and grave | | U+1EA8 | Ẩ | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and hook above | | U+1EA9 | ẩ | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex and hook above | | U+1EAA | Ẫ | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and tilde | | U+1EAB | ẫ | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex and tilde | | U+1EA6 | Ậ | A | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and dot below | | U+1EAD | ậ | a | Latin small letter a with circumflex and dot below | | U+1EAE | Ắ | A | Latin capital letter A with breve and acute | | U+1EAF | ắ | a | Latin small letter a with breve and acute | | U+1EB0 | Ằ | A | Latin capital letter A with breve and grave | | U+1EB1 | ằ | a | Latin small letter a with breve and grave | | U+1EB2 | Ẳ | A | Latin capital letter A with breve and hook above | | U+1EB3 | ẳ | a | Latin small letter a with breve and hook above | | U+1EB4 | Ẵ | A | Latin capital letter A with breve and tilde | | U+1EB5 | ẵ | a | Latin small letter a with breve and tilde | | U+1EB6 | Ặ | A | Latin capital letter A with breve and dot below | | U+1EB7 | ặ | a | Latin small letter a with breve and dot below | | U+1EB8 | Ẹ | E | Latin capital letter E with dot below | | U+1EB9 | ẹ | e | Latin small letter e with dot below | | U+1EBA | Ẻ | E | Latin capital letter E with hook above | | U+1EBB | ẻ | e | Latin small letter e with hook above | | U+1EBC | Ẽ | E | Latin capital letter E with tilde | | U+1EBD | ẽ | e | Latin small letter e with tilde | | U+1EBE | Ế | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and acute | | U+1EBF | ế | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex and acute | | U+1EC0 | Ề | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and grave | | U+1EC1 | ề | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex and grave | | U+1EC2 | Ể | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and hook above | | U+1EC3 | ể | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex and hook above | | U+1EC4 | Ễ | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and tilde | | U+1EC5 | ễ | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex and tilde | | U+1EC6 | Ệ | E | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and dot below | | U+1EC7 | ệ | e | Latin small letter e with circumflex and dot below | | U+1EC8 | Ỉ | I | Latin capital letter I with hook above | | U+1EC9 | ỉ | i | Latin small letter i with hook above | | U+1ECA | Ị | I | Latin capital letter I with dot below | | U+1ECB | ị | i | Latin small letter i with dot below | | U+1ECC | Ọ | O | Latin capital letter O with dot below | | U+1ECD | ọ | o | Latin small letter o with dot below | | U+1ECE | Ỏ | O | Latin capital letter O with hook above | | U+1ECF | ỏ | o | Latin small letter o with hook above | | U+1ED0 | Ố | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and acute | | U+1ED1 | ố | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex and acute | | U+1ED2 | Ồ | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and grave | | U+1ED3 | ồ | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex and grave | | U+1ED4 | Ổ | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and hook above | | U+1ED5 | ổ | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex and hook above | | U+1ED6 | Ỗ | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and tilde | | U+1ED7 | ỗ | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex and tilde | | U+1ED8 | Ộ | O | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and dot below | | U+1ED9 | ộ | o | Latin small letter o with circumflex and dot below | | U+1EDA | Ớ | O | Latin capital letter O with horn and acute | | U+1EDB | ớ | o | Latin small letter o with horn and acute | | U+1EDC | Ờ | O | Latin capital letter O with horn and grave | | U+1EDD | ờ | o | Latin small letter o with horn and grave | | U+1EDE | Ở | O | Latin capital letter O with horn and hook above | | U+1EDF | ở | o | Latin small letter o with horn and hook above | | U+1EE0 | Ỡ | O | Latin capital letter O with horn and tilde | | U+1EE1 | ỡ | o | Latin small letter o with horn and tilde | | U+1EE2 | Ợ | O | Latin capital letter O with horn and dot below | | U+1EE3 | ợ | o | Latin small letter o with horn and dot below | | U+1EE4 | Ụ | U | Latin capital letter U with dot below | | U+1EE5 | ụ | u | Latin small letter u with dot below | | U+1EE6 | Ủ | U | Latin capital letter U with hook above | | U+1EE7 | ủ | u | Latin small letter u with hook above | | U+1EE8 | Ứ | U | Latin capital letter U with horn and acute | | U+1EE9 | ứ | u | Latin small letter u with horn and acute | | U+1EEA | Ừ | U | Latin capital letter U with horn and grave | | U+1EEB | ừ | u | Latin small letter u with horn and grave | | U+1EEC | Ử | U | Latin capital letter U with horn and hook above | | U+1EED | ử | u | Latin small letter u with horn and hook above | | U+1EEE | Ữ | U | Latin capital letter U with horn and tilde | | U+1EEF | ữ | u | Latin small letter u with horn and tilde | | U+1EF0 | Ự | U | Latin capital letter U with horn and dot below | | U+1EF1 | ự | u | Latin small letter u with horn and dot below | | U+1EF2 | Ỳ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with grave | | U+1EF3 | ỳ | y | Latin small letter y with grave | | U+1EF4 | Ỵ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with dot below | | U+1EF5 | ỵ | y | Latin small letter y with dot below | | U+1EF6 | Ỷ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with hook above | | U+1EF7 | ỷ | y | Latin small letter y with hook above | | U+1EF8 | Ỹ | Y | Latin capital letter Y with tilde | | U+1EF9 | ỹ | y | Latin small letter y with tilde | German (de_DE), German formal (de_DE_formal), German (Switzerland) formal (de_CH),
German (Switzerland) informal (de_CH_informal), and German (Austria) (de_AT) locales:
| Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description |
| -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
| U+00C4 | Ä | Ae | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis |
| U+00E4 | ä | ae | Latin small letter a with diaeresis |
| U+00D6 | Ö | Oe | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis |
| U+00F6 | ö | oe | Latin small letter o with diaeresis |
| U+00DC | Ü | Ue | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis |
| U+00FC | ü | ue | Latin small letter u with diaeresis |
| U+00DF | ß | ss | Latin small letter sharp s |
Danish (da_DK) locale:
| Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description |
| -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
| U+00C6 | Æ | Ae | Latin capital letter AE |
| U+00E6 | æ | ae | Latin small letter ae |
| U+00D8 | Ø | Oe | Latin capital letter O with stroke |
| U+00F8 | ø | oe | Latin small letter o with stroke |
| U+00C5 | Å | Aa | Latin capital letter A with ring above |
| U+00E5 | å | aa | Latin small letter a with ring above |
Catalan (ca) locale:
| Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description |
| -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
| U+00B7 | l·l | ll | Flown dot (between two Ls) |
Serbian (sr_RS) and Bosnian (bs_BA) locales:
| Code | Glyph | Replacement | Description |
| -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
| U+0110 | Đ | DJ | Latin capital letter D with stroke |
| U+0111 | đ | dj | Latin small letter d with stroke |Related Functions: remove_action, remove_all_actions, remove_image_size, remove_role, remove_all_filters
Source
function remove_accents( $text, $locale = '' ) {
if ( ! preg_match( '/[\x80-\xff]/', $text ) ) {
return $text;
}
if ( seems_utf8( $text ) ) {
/*
* Unicode sequence normalization from NFD (Normalization Form Decomposed)
* to NFC (Normalization Form [Pre]Composed), the encoding used in this function.
*/
if ( function_exists( 'normalizer_is_normalized' )
&& function_exists( 'normalizer_normalize' )
) {
if ( ! normalizer_is_normalized( $text ) ) {
$text = normalizer_normalize( $text );
}
}
$chars = array(
// Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement.
'ª' => 'a',
'º' => 'o',
'À' => 'A',
'Á' => 'A',
'Â' => 'A',
'Ã' => 'A',
'Ä' => 'A',
'Å' => 'A',
'Æ' => 'AE',
'Ç' => 'C',
'È' => 'E',
'É' => 'E',
'Ê' => 'E',
'Ë' => 'E',
'Ì' => 'I',
'Í' => 'I',
'Î' => 'I',
'Ï' => 'I',
'Ð' => 'D',
'Ñ' => 'N',
'Ò' => 'O',
'Ó' => 'O',
'Ô' => 'O',
'Õ' => 'O',
'Ö' => 'O',
'Ù' => 'U',
'Ú' => 'U',
'Û' => 'U',
'Ü' => 'U',
'Ý' => 'Y',
'Þ' => 'TH',
'ß' => 's',
'à' => 'a',
'á' => 'a',
'â' => 'a',
'ã' => 'a',
'ä' => 'a',
'å' => 'a',
'æ' => 'ae',
'ç' => 'c',
'è' => 'e',
'é' => 'e',
'ê' => 'e',
'ë' => 'e',
'ì' => 'i',
'í' => 'i',
'î' => 'i',
'ï' => 'i',
'ð' => 'd',
'ñ' => 'n',
'ò' => 'o',
'ó' => 'o',
'ô' => 'o',
'õ' => 'o',
'ö' => 'o',
'ø' => 'o',
'ù' => 'u',
'ú' => 'u',
'û' => 'u',
'ü' => 'u',
'ý' => 'y',
'þ' => 'th',
'ÿ' => 'y',
'Ø' => 'O',
// Decompositions for Latin Extended-A.
'Ā' => 'A',
'ā' => 'a',
'Ă' => 'A',
'ă' => 'a',
'Ą' => 'A',
'ą' => 'a',
'Ć' => 'C',
'ć' => 'c',
'Ĉ' => 'C',
'ĉ' => 'c',
'Ċ' => 'C',
'ċ' => 'c',
'Č' => 'C',
'č' => 'c',
'Ď' => 'D',
'ď' => 'd',
'Đ' => 'D',
'đ' => 'd',
'Ē' => 'E',
'ē' => 'e',
'Ĕ' => 'E',
'ĕ' => 'e',
'Ė' => 'E',
'ė' => 'e',
'Ę' => 'E',
'ę' => 'e',
'Ě' => 'E',
'ě' => 'e',
'Ĝ' => 'G',
'ĝ' => 'g',
'Ğ' => 'G',
'ğ' => 'g',
'Ġ' => 'G',
'ġ' => 'g',
'Ģ' => 'G',
'ģ' => 'g',
'Ĥ' => 'H',
'ĥ' => 'h',
'Ħ' => 'H',
'ħ' => 'h',
'Ĩ' => 'I',
'ĩ' => 'i',
'Ī' => 'I',
'ī' => 'i',
'Ĭ' => 'I',
'ĭ' => 'i',
'Į' => 'I',
'į' => 'i',
'İ' => 'I',
'ı' => 'i',
'IJ' => 'IJ',
'ij' => 'ij',
'Ĵ' => 'J',
'ĵ' => 'j',
'Ķ' => 'K',
'ķ' => 'k',
'ĸ' => 'k',
'Ĺ' => 'L',
'ĺ' => 'l',
'Ļ' => 'L',
'ļ' => 'l',
'Ľ' => 'L',
'ľ' => 'l',
'Ŀ' => 'L',
'ŀ' => 'l',
'Ł' => 'L',
'ł' => 'l',
'Ń' => 'N',
'ń' => 'n',
'Ņ' => 'N',
'ņ' => 'n',
'Ň' => 'N',
'ň' => 'n',
'ʼn' => 'n',
'Ŋ' => 'N',
'ŋ' => 'n',
'Ō' => 'O',
'ō' => 'o',
'Ŏ' => 'O',
'ŏ' => 'o',
'Ő' => 'O',
'ő' => 'o',
'Œ' => 'OE',
'œ' => 'oe',
'Ŕ' => 'R',
'ŕ' => 'r',
'Ŗ' => 'R',
'ŗ' => 'r',
'Ř' => 'R',
'ř' => 'r',
'Ś' => 'S',
'ś' => 's',
'Ŝ' => 'S',
'ŝ' => 's',
'Ş' => 'S',
'ş' => 's',
'Š' => 'S',
'š' => 's',
'Ţ' => 'T',
'ţ' => 't',
'Ť' => 'T',
'ť' => 't',
'Ŧ' => 'T',
'ŧ' => 't',
'Ũ' => 'U',
'ũ' => 'u',
'Ū' => 'U',
'ū' => 'u',
'Ŭ' => 'U',
'ŭ' => 'u',
'Ů' => 'U',
'ů' => 'u',
'Ű' => 'U',
'ű' => 'u',
'Ų' => 'U',
'ų' => 'u',
'Ŵ' => 'W',
'ŵ' => 'w',
'Ŷ' => 'Y',
'ŷ' => 'y',
'Ÿ' => 'Y',
'Ź' => 'Z',
'ź' => 'z',
'Ż' => 'Z',
'ż' => 'z',
'Ž' => 'Z',
'ž' => 'z',
'ſ' => 's',
// Decompositions for Latin Extended-B.
'Ə' => 'E',
'ǝ' => 'e',
'Ș' => 'S',
'ș' => 's',
'Ț' => 'T',
'ț' => 't',
// Euro sign.
'€' => 'E',
// GBP (Pound) sign.
'£' => '',
// Vowels with diacritic (Vietnamese). Unmarked.
'Ơ' => 'O',
'ơ' => 'o',
'Ư' => 'U',
'ư' => 'u',
// Grave accent.
'Ầ' => 'A',
'ầ' => 'a',
'Ằ' => 'A',
'ằ' => 'a',
'Ề' => 'E',
'ề' => 'e',
'Ồ' => 'O',
'ồ' => 'o',
'Ờ' => 'O',
'ờ' => 'o',
'Ừ' => 'U',
'ừ' => 'u',
'Ỳ' => 'Y',
'ỳ' => 'y',
// Hook.
'Ả' => 'A',
'ả' => 'a',
'Ẩ' => 'A',
'ẩ' => 'a',
'Ẳ' => 'A',
'ẳ' => 'a',
'Ẻ' => 'E',
'ẻ' => 'e',
'Ể' => 'E',
'ể' => 'e',
'Ỉ' => 'I',
'ỉ' => 'i',
'Ỏ' => 'O',
'ỏ' => 'o',
'Ổ' => 'O',
'ổ' => 'o',
'Ở' => 'O',
'ở' => 'o',
'Ủ' => 'U',
'ủ' => 'u',
'Ử' => 'U',
'ử' => 'u',
'Ỷ' => 'Y',
'ỷ' => 'y',
// Tilde.
'Ẫ' => 'A',
'ẫ' => 'a',
'Ẵ' => 'A',
'ẵ' => 'a',
'Ẽ' => 'E',
'ẽ' => 'e',
'Ễ' => 'E',
'ễ' => 'e',
'Ỗ' => 'O',
'ỗ' => 'o',
'Ỡ' => 'O',
'ỡ' => 'o',
'Ữ' => 'U',
'ữ' => 'u',
'Ỹ' => 'Y',
'ỹ' => 'y',
// Acute accent.
'Ấ' => 'A',
'ấ' => 'a',
'Ắ' => 'A',
'ắ' => 'a',
'Ế' => 'E',
'ế' => 'e',
'Ố' => 'O',
'ố' => 'o',
'Ớ' => 'O',
'ớ' => 'o',
'Ứ' => 'U',
'ứ' => 'u',
// Dot below.
'Ạ' => 'A',
'ạ' => 'a',
'Ậ' => 'A',
'ậ' => 'a',
'Ặ' => 'A',
'ặ' => 'a',
'Ẹ' => 'E',
'ẹ' => 'e',
'Ệ' => 'E',
'ệ' => 'e',
'Ị' => 'I',
'ị' => 'i',
'Ọ' => 'O',
'ọ' => 'o',
'Ộ' => 'O',
'ộ' => 'o',
'Ợ' => 'O',
'ợ' => 'o',
'Ụ' => 'U',
'ụ' => 'u',
'Ự' => 'U',
'ự' => 'u',
'Ỵ' => 'Y',
'ỵ' => 'y',
// Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin).
'ɑ' => 'a',
// Macron.
'Ǖ' => 'U',
'ǖ' => 'u',
// Acute accent.
'Ǘ' => 'U',
'ǘ' => 'u',
// Caron.
'Ǎ' => 'A',
'ǎ' => 'a',
'Ǐ' => 'I',
'ǐ' => 'i',
'Ǒ' => 'O',
'ǒ' => 'o',
'Ǔ' => 'U',
'ǔ' => 'u',
'Ǚ' => 'U',
'ǚ' => 'u',
// Grave accent.
'Ǜ' => 'U',
'ǜ' => 'u',
);
// Used for locale-specific rules.
if ( empty( $locale ) ) {
$locale = get_locale();
}
/*
* German has various locales (de_DE, de_CH, de_AT, ...) with formal and informal variants.
* There is no 3-letter locale like 'def', so checking for 'de' instead of 'de_' is safe,
* since 'de' itself would be a valid locale too.
*/
if ( str_starts_with( $locale, 'de' ) ) {
$chars['Ä'] = 'Ae';
$chars['ä'] = 'ae';
$chars['Ö'] = 'Oe';
$chars['ö'] = 'oe';
$chars['Ü'] = 'Ue';
$chars['ü'] = 'ue';
$chars['ß'] = 'ss';
} elseif ( 'da_DK' === $locale ) {
$chars['Æ'] = 'Ae';
$chars['æ'] = 'ae';
$chars['Ø'] = 'Oe';
$chars['ø'] = 'oe';
$chars['Å'] = 'Aa';
$chars['å'] = 'aa';
} elseif ( 'ca' === $locale ) {
$chars['l·l'] = 'll';
} elseif ( 'sr_RS' === $locale || 'bs_BA' === $locale ) {
$chars['Đ'] = 'DJ';
$chars['đ'] = 'dj';
}
$text = strtr( $text, $chars );
} else {
$chars = array();
// Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8.
$chars['in'] = "\x80\x83\x8a\x8e\x9a\x9e"
. "\x9f\xa2\xa5\xb5\xc0\xc1\xc2"
. "\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca"
. "\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf\xd1\xd2"
. "\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd8\xd9\xda"
. "\xdb\xdc\xdd\xe0\xe1\xe2\xe3"
. "\xe4\xe5\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb"
. "\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf1\xf2\xf3"
. "\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb"
. "\xfc\xfd\xff";
$chars['out'] = 'EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy';
$text = strtr( $text, $chars['in'], $chars['out'] );
$double_chars = array();
$double_chars['in'] = array( "\x8c", "\x9c", "\xc6", "\xd0", "\xde", "\xdf", "\xe6", "\xf0", "\xfe" );
$double_chars['out'] = array( 'OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th' );
$text = str_replace( $double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $text );
}
return $text;
}